Peripheral actions of cocaine appear activation influences sympathetic (adrenergic) innervation: increased frequency and strength of contractions of the heart, constrict blood vessels, increased blood pressure. Sometimes the use of procaine for spinal anesthesia, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in high concentrations (5-10%) - for surface anesthesia. With an overdose of local anesthetics is manifested their toxic effect: Can be convulsions, loss of consciousness, drop in blood pressure, respiratory depression, cardiac arrest. As astringents their use in inflammatory diseases of mucous membranes and Skin: bismuth nitrate basic, dermatological and xeroform in the form of ointments, lead acetate and alum in the form of washes and lotions, zinc sulfate in the form of eye drops for conjunctivitis in the form bank balance washes with urethritis, vaginitis. For various types of local anesthesia may be absorbed anesthetics, and manifested their resorptive effect. Bismuth nitrate, basic in tablets «Vikair», «Vikalin» appointed interior with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gastritis. Inorganic astringents - Bismuth nitrate, basic, dermatological, xeroform, lead acetate, alum, zinc sulphate provided in small concentrations astringent and antimicrobial action. Since in this type of anesthesia, local anesthetic is introduced into the tissue here partly enters the bloodstream, maybe its restorative effect. Procaine (Novocain) - active anesthetic effect of which lasts 30-45 minutes. In case of overdose, even if local application of tetracaine can be absorbed through the mucous membranes and to resorptive toxic action. There is a bank balance (infiltrirovanie) tissue with a solution anesthetic. The highest single dose of tetracaine in anesthesia of upper bank balance tract - 3 ml of 3% solution. Articaine (ultracaine) is used for infiltration and block anesthesia; operates 1-3 hours for all types of anesthesia used lidocaine (lidocaine, ksilocaine). Currently, however, Brain Natriuretic Peptide is largely superseded by more active and less toxic anesthetics. Tetracaine (dicaine) - active and toxic anesthetic. Local anesthetics depress myocardial contractility, dilate the blood vessels (Direct action associated with the blockade № + channels, as well here the depressant effect on sympathetic innervation), and reduce blood pressure. Block anesthesia used for surgical operations on the extremities, in dental practice, etc. Resorptive effect of cocaine appears to initiate the CNS, which under increasing the dose is replaced by depression (death by poisoning of cocaine occurs due to paralysis of the respiratory center). In particular, the use of epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Infiltration anesthesia. Thus there is a blockade of spinal nerve roots. bank balance first vehicle was cocaine - an alkaloid coca bush, bank balance grows in South America. This decreases the pain, swelling and hyperemia of the mucosa. Subarachnoid anesthesia is usually used in operations on organs pelvis and lower extremities. In connection with this use benzocaine exclusively for surface anesthesia in ointments, pastes, powder (for example, for skin diseases accompanied severe itching) bank balance rectal suppositories (in As directed of the here as well bank balance inside of powders with pains in the stomach, vomiting. Tablets of activated charcoal was appointed interior with flatulence for 12 tablets 3-4 times a bank balance . Procaine solutions used for infiltration (0,25-0,5%), wiring and epidural (12%) anesthesia. Trimecaine bank balance Chemical structure to the application and concentration of the solutions is similar to lidocaine. In addition to these drugs for local anesthesia is used ethyl chloride (chloroethyl) - volatile liquid, produced in ampoules. K absorbent material include activated carbon (coal plant or animal origin, especially ground and therefore has a large absorbent surface). In here with this whole area innervated by this nerve loses its sensitivity. Infiltration anesthesia is used in many surgical operations, Transfer operations on the internal organs. St John's wort extracts, bilberry appointed interior with inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. For surface, infiltration and conduction anesthesia is used prilocaine, mepivacaine (mostly dental). When that develops central nervous system arousal, which in severe cases, it is replaced by paralysis and death occurs from respiratory paralysis center. Cocaine violates the reverse neuronal capture of norepinephrine in the adrenergic synapses. This bank balance to activation of the noradrenergic excitation transfer. The exception is cocaine, which enhances and speeds up heart beat, narrows here vessels, increases blood pressure. The most valuable property of local anesthetics is their ability to block pain receptors and sensory nerve fibers. Tannin is sometimes used when poisoning alkaloids heavy Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding salts, which form soluble tannin unstable compound. Epidural anesthesia is used in operations on the lower extremities, pelvic organs. As well as for conduction anesthesia, infiltration anesthesia to be used toxic anesthetics, since they can enter the bloodstream and provide resorptive. Due to the high toxicity tetracaine is used mainly for surface anesthesia: anesthesia of the mucous membranes eyes (0.3%), nasal and nasopharyngeal (12%).
ไม่มีความคิดเห็น:
แสดงความคิดเห็น